Sunday, 4 January 2026

More sun, same snow

Flashback to the first time I ever experienced strong sunlight on snow; it was 42 years ago, my first-ever skiing holiday to Courchevel in France, 1984. Dazzled by the sun reflecting off the pure white powder, and the blueness of the sky at high altitude, it made a lasting impression on me. Prior to that, on the few occasions that it did snow in England, the sky was leaden, the temperature just slightly below freezing, and the snow never lasted long. One exception was the winter of 1962/1963, the coldest and snowiest in living memory (see bottom of this post). However, I remember the sky being much darker than the land

Below: looking south along ulica Kolejowa towards Krężel, the snow drifting in from an open field, driven by a westerly wind. Note the ice, packed down by car tyres. Dreadfully slippery.

Below: the Kormoran thunders through Krężel station, late again (half an hour at this stage), on its way from Olsztyn to Kraków.

Below: onward to Michalczew. I arrive in good time for the train back to Chynów. From the platform, I have a good view of the village. Hidden behind the trees towards the right of the photo is Michalczew's murder-mystery church (still unsolved).

Below: I catch the 12:11 from Michalczew back to Chynów. I find a seat in the last section of the last carriage, the part for carrying bicycles. Seating guaranteed on a day like today. No bikes.


Below: I live at the top of Kodachrome Lane; one of the XII Canonical Prospects of Jakubowizna. Any time of the year – as long as the sun is shining. Walking total today: 14,800 paces.


Below: early January 1963; just before my brother was born. I am outside our house (small figure on the right). My abiding memory was the darkness of the sky; the glass roof of our veranda was covered with snow making the interior of the back of the house much darker. And I remember the cold. Duffel coat, wellington boots, woollen gloves and scarf were inadequate, as was the lack of decent heating in the house. Photo by my father.


This time two years ago:
2023: A year in travel
[In 2024 Google enshittified Google Maps by removing the Timelines feature from the laptop app.]

This time three years ago:
Letters to the Postman

This time four years ago:
Progress at Warsaw West station
[Job finally finished in December 2025]

This time seven years ago:
From West London to South Warsaw

This time ten years ago:
Anger and hate have no place in political discourse
[Dream the fuck on.]

This time 12 years ago:
Is Conservatism rural or urban in nature?

This time 13 years ago:
Poland's roads get slightly less deadly

This time 14 years ago:
It's expensive being rich in Warsaw 

This time 16 years:
Winter commuting in colour and black & white

This time 17 years ago:
Zamienie in winter

This time 18 years ago:
Really cold (-12C at night)

Saturday, 3 January 2026

Winter in black and white and colour

Winter continues, though the temperature hovers around zero. Forecast for the next six days – temperatures are due to fall to -10°C at night with daytime highs of between -5°C and -7°C, but no more snowfalls. Snow is badly needed by the land, to top up depleted ground water after years of drought.

Below: view of my house from the front garden. Properly snowed in. Another day when use of the car to drive to the shops isn't practical, so it's rucksack on, and I set off to the Lewiatan in Sułkowice. on foot. Get some paces in. The cats are all nice and warm indoors, having all spent the post-breakfast period scampering in the snow.

Below: the first half of my walk is in monochrome. Approaching Grobice. All is quiet in the orchards. The serious pruning has either been done or will wait; it has to be done before the sap starts rising.

Below: pollarded willows, between Grobice and Sułkowice. Pollarding involves cutting back the upper branches of a tree around two metres above ground level, to foster dense new growth that's out of reach of grazing animals. Coppicing, on the other hand, involves cutting a tree down to near ground level, stimulating multiple new shoots from the stump, for regular harvesting. These traditional forms of woodland management are aimed at sustainable resource use.

Left: not a frothing tankard of lager with a fine head; rather a fence-post with four inches of fresh snow sitting on top. Ulica Graniczna ('border street'), the border being between two poviats (Grojecki and Piaseczyński), two gminas (Chynów and Góra Kalwaria) and two villages (Nowe Grobice and Czaplinek).

Below: onwards into Sułkowice. The track soon turns to asphalt; walking on soft snow is hard work, but walking along the asphalt where cars have beaten down the snow is dangerously slippery. The optimal course is where there's still snow (rather than ice), but the snow's not too thick.


Left: having done my shopping – enough to get by to Monday, I catch the train home one stop from Sułkowice to Chynów. The clouds drift by, and the sun makes an appearance. I am nearing my działka; again, I pick my course carefully between the ice compacted by traffic and the thick virgin snow lying on the verges.

Below: the sun brings back colour to the day. Even with the train, I've still managed over 13,500 paces today (and a slightly larger number yesterday and the day before). Good start to the year!


This morning the sun rose at 07:42 today – one minute earlier than yesterday. For the previous week, the sun rose at 07:43 in Chynów, the latest sunrise of the year. And so, as with sunsets, that have been getting later and later since 17 December, the day is now getting longer at both ends. Nine minutes longer indeed.

Friday, 2 January 2026

The Sun and Snow

A window of clear blue sky opened just as I was about to set off on foot to the shops. Lovely – time to fix the polarising filter to my 18-55mm kit lens... And who's this sitting on the ledge outside? Céleste telling me to come into the garden, so I do, and we circumnavigate the grounds together. She's in her element here – unlike lazy boy Czestuś, who's happy snoozing in the warm kitchen.


Below: house and car, covered in snow. I don't fancy driving. The walk will do me good, even with a rucksack of provisions including a large bag of dry cat-food. In winter, the garden is threadbare, vegetation is at its lowest ebb. Spring is three months away. 


Below: I take the back way into town. No pavement, but then no traffic. The sun and the snow bring to mind Count Basie's The Kid from Red Bank.


Below: ulica Słoneczna ('sunny street'), looking down towards ul. Główna ('main street').

Below: junction of ulica Główna and ul. Wolska. An atmosphere of small-town America in the 1950s.

Below: the local shopping centre/business district. The building to the right was completed last year, and awaits new tenants. I hope that a Nepalese restaurant pops up here! Or at least an indoor kebab bar. We shall see...


I walk home along ul. Wolska, turning into the farm track that is ul. Jabłoniowa ('apple-tree street'), cut through an orchard and then down ul. Spokojna ('peaceful street') to the level crossing, then along ul. Kolejowa ('railway street') back home. By this time, a sheet of dark grey cloud has swept in from the west. Never mind – more sunny, snowy days are forecast for the next few days. I shall make the most of them, and eschew use of the car until the snow finally melts. Lent starts on 18 February.

This time two years ago:
Cleanliness, tidiness and idleness.

This time three years ago:
The Search for Perfection

This time four years ago:
Grabów, Krasnowola and Jeziorki Północne

This time eight years ago:
1929-1939; 2008-2018?

 

Thursday, 1 January 2026

Snowy New Year

A heavy dump of snow on New Year's Eve paralysed communications across Poland; the railway line to Warsaw suffered badly. The record delay was suffered by the Kormoran InterCity train from Kraków to Olsztyn... I saw it standing at Chynów station, doors open, passengers out on the snowy platform for an illicit smoke. The Kormoran left Kraków at 13:38, everything going well until it got beyond Warka. At Chynów, the train was halted because of some major issue at Czachówek (frozen points? Power lines? Don't know. Nobody knew). 

Below: two trains at Chynów going nowhere. Massive disruption up and down the line. I peeked in through the windows of the InterCity train... Lots of party people on their way to Warsaw, dressed up in their finery. The bar wagon was crammed with standing passengers, quite a few necking bottles of Łomża beer. Outside, the conductors of both trains paced the platform, one hand on their walkie-talkie, the other on their mobile phone. It appears that nobody knows anything...

After a long delay, the express train was allowed to proceed, though at little more than walking pace. It reached Piaseczno two and half hours behind schedule. And there, the poor Kormoran finally threw in the hat. Kaput. A rescue locomotive had to be sent from Warsaw for it, while passengers were boarded onto a Koleje Mazowieckie train to town, and in Warsaw they were assigned a replacement train. This consisted of a locomotive and eight carriages – but unlike the Kormoran, it did not have a restaurant wagon or bar facilities. Passengers finally arrived at Olsztyn Główny station at twenty past midnight – over four hours late. Today, the returning Kormoran was likewise hit by woe. At Nidzica, 58km south of Olsztyn, the overhead electric cables were severed by a fallen tree, snapped by the weight of snow. The train had to be hauled all the way back to Olsztyn, where passengers were boarded onto replacement buses. So – not a good start to 2026 for those travelling across Poland.

The first proper snow since 24 November, and the country was unprepared for it. Here in Jakubowizna, about five inches (12cm) of snow has covered the ground. With the cats out, I had the ideal opportunity to see how far they range. The answer is – not far at all! They tend to troop around my garden, and into the forest next door, and, judging by the sets of paw-prints, not much further.

Below: a rare view of the west side of my house, taken from the drive leading to my next-door neighbours' houses. I followed Wenusia's paw-prints here; she is a frequent visitor around these parts.

Below: the gorgeous Céleste, bounding through the snow. She is in her element, more so than her brothers, her long hair an evolutionary adaptation for life in sub-Arctic conditions. 


The snow is likely to stay for a while, as the forecast is a high of +2°C tomorrow followed by a week of sub-zero temperatures.

This time last year:
Poland's Progress

This time two years ago
Time, memory and consciousness

This time three years ago:
Hottest New Year's Day in Warsaw ever 

This time five years ago:
Wealth and inequality – an introduction

This time seven years ago:
Gratitude for a peaceful 2018

This time nine years ago:
Fighting laziness – the perennial resolution

This time eight years ago:
A Year of Round Anniversaries

This time ten years ago:
Walking on frozen water

This time 11 years ago:
Fireworks herald 2015 in Jeziorki

This time 12 years ago
Jeziorki welcomes 2014

This time 13 years ago:
LOT's second Dreamliner over Jeziorki

This time 14 years ago:
New Year's coal train 

This time 17 years ago:
Welcome to 2009!

This time 18 years ago:
Happy 2008!

Wednesday, 31 December 2025

2025: A Year in Numbers

Well, this is it. Another year over, a heart attack survived, and still feeling in good shape. How have I done on the old spreadsheet (est. 1 Jan 2014)?

Compared to previous years, 2025 has seen a reduction in the number of exercises I do. I have abandoned pull-ups, press-ups, sit-ups and weights, as the strain of intense effort is not good for my heart. But where I have persisted, the results are good. More paces walked – I have hit the 12,500 a day target (remember, this is averaged out across every day of the year). The number is significant because the length of my pace being 80cm –four-fifths of a metre – those 12.5K paces equal 10 kilometres. A day, every day. Throughout the entire year.  Looking back, I can see that Covid-19 had a greater impact on my paces (from lock-down in 2020 to 2023 when I finally caught the bugger) than my heart attack. I have given up on moderate-to-high intensity walking as a metric; the methodology used by Samsung Health is so wildly different to Huawei's that it's not worth comparing.

For the 12th year in a row, I have reduced my alcohol consumption. It's now down to 12.0 units a week (the NHS England recommended limit is 14 units a week). But note, the number of dry days over the course of the year has fallen, which means that on days that I have had a drink or two, the number of units has been less than before. Indeed, I see that on the average night out, I consumed 4.5 units of alcohol compared to 6.1 units in 2023.

Gold colour indicates a personal best.

Measurable and manageable
2019 2020202120222023 20242025
Paces (daily
average)
12.0k11.1k11.2k11.6k11.9k12.1k12.5k
Alcohol drunk
(units/week)
18.5
15.514.113.713.613.412.0
Dry days over
course of year
198208231234249243226
Days with zero
physical training
171122910620
Squats/dayN/AN/A2846454721
Sets of back
extensions/day
N/AN/A0.31.32.84.55.4
Plank time (min:
sec/day average)
3:404:114:214:585:556:176:42
Portions fresh
fruit & veg/day
5.35.46.16.36.77.37.9

Squats remain in the exercise cycle, though fewer than in the past. These are above all important for balance and posture. Holding the plank: I can do this longer and it really does shape the torso. If done consistently over many years. You won't get a six-pack in weeks as the Facebook ads suggest. My back-extensions have become fun ever since Pacyfik decided to join me as I lie down on my ZemBord™ and start rocking backwards and forwards. He's not missed a single day, and neither have I (since mid-August).

Fresh fruit and veg continues to grow as a part of my diet from year to year. Making big veg bakes in the oven gives me up to four portions in one go. And my new vegetable steamer, bought post-heart attack, is another bonus. Steamed spinach, asparagus, runner beans, etc. Another 2025 discovery is that "sweet potatoes do count towards your 5 A Day, unlike regular potatoes, yams, cassava or plantains. (These are considered starchy carbohydrates rather than veg). Sweet potatoes are treated as a vegetable as part of the daily fruit and veg intake." So bataty go into my weekly shop. A big one provides seven or more portions.

For next year, I shall include one new exercise, bird-dog hold progressions. And I shall make a note of my creative output too. And the input – more reading in 2026. 

This time last year:
2024 – A Year in Numbers

This time two years ago:

This time four years ago:
2021: a year in numbers

This time five years ago:

This time six years ago
2019: a year in numbers

This time seven years ago:
2018: a year in numbers

This time eight years ago:
2017: a year in numbers

This time nine years ago:
2016: a year in numbers

This time ten years ago:
2015: a year in numbers

This time 11 years ago:
Economic forecasts for 2014 – and 2015?

This time 12 years ago:
Economic predictions for 2014

This time 13 years ago:
Economic predictions for 2013

This time 13 years ago:
Economic predictions for 2012

This time 15 years ago:
Classic cars, West Ealing

This time 16 years ago:
Jeziorki 2009, another view

This time 17 years ago:
Jeziorki 2008, another view

This time 18 years ago:
Final thoughts for 2007

Tuesday, 30 December 2025

The Long Review of 2025: Pt IV

Long and short of it: I had a heart attack on Saturday 5 April, had stents fitted immediately, spent six days in intensive care and now pretty much all is well with me, healthwise. Daily medication has come down from a maximum of ten pills a day to six, and I hope that next May's check-up will lead to a further reduction in doses.

Changes in habits? Well, no more strength-building exercises such as pull-ups and push-ups. Just the plank and back-extensions to maintain spinal flexibility. Will be returning to squats and balance-maintenance exercises in the New Year. More walking than ever; I've averaged over 12,500 paces a day every day across the whole of 2025. Not as fast as before though. [A Year in Numbers will appear tomorrow]

Changes in diet? A massive decrease in consumption of yellow cheeses (Cheddar, Parmesan), replaced to a degree by white cheese (Lidl's Balkan cheese in particular). This has lower levels of saturated fat. Out (totally) has gone Chorizo, sadly; meat has disappeared from my shopping, apart from duck breast fillets (eaten with skin off, which the cats love). No more hams or sausages. A lot more vegetables. And much more porridge oats. More on the numbers tomorrow.

Changes in my approach to life? Take it easy, man! But on the other hand, time ticks away, write more, think more.

This time five years ago:
Review of the Year II: Investments

This time two years ago:
Exploration of a largely unknown Ealing

This time five years ago:
Eric Ravilious

This time ten years ago:
Dark thoughts at 2015 comes to an end

This time 11 years ago:
Shots from the sky

This time 12 years ago:
One-millionth of a zloty 

This time 14 years ago:
Random year-end thoughts

This time 15 years ago:
Beery litter louts

This time 18 years ago:
Xmas lites, Jeziorki

Monday, 29 December 2025

The Long Review of 2025: Pt III

The Year of the Cats

As 2024 approached its end, I had no idea that a year on I'd have survived a heart attack and become the owner of six cats. Health I'll cover tomorrow; this post will be all about cats.

A kitten followed me home in early January, became pregnant in April, and in June gave birth to five healthy kittens. All of them have stayed with me. This was unplanned – but meant to happen. It was in the stars.

I had witnessed the mating, but didn't think it would come to anything; Wenusia was too young, she hadn't shown any signs of coming into heat. But 63 days later, right on schedule, out they popped. And here they all are (below). In the top left corner, Céleste, in the grey basket in the middle, we have Pacyfik (tabby/white) and with him Scrapper (tuxedo); in the top right corner, mum, Wenusia, the cat-colony starter-kit, in front of her Czestuś the Czonker, all 4.4kg of him, and in the foreground, Arcturus (clever with his paws).

It has been suggested, and AI backs this up, that there were at least two, if not three fathers involved in creating this brood. It's called heteropaternal superfecundation, when a female cat mates with two or more different males during one heat cycle, leading to a single litter of kittens with different fathers. Since cats are induced ovulators, multiple matings are needed to trigger ovulation. If these matings occur with different males within a short period during the same oestrus cycle, multiple eggs can be fertilised by different males, resulting in kittens with varied traits such as coat colour and character from the same litter.  

As Wenusia, my adopted foundling, grew ever more visibly pregnant in late spring, I was thinking that I'd be giving away some of her brood once weaned (indeed I even had three potential takers lined up). However, once weaned, I realised that I simply loved these kittens too much to let go of any of them. I wanted to watch them grow and develop. I loved each one of them individually and as a group; as a family unit. It would hurt them too much to be separated from their siblings, and from their place of birth. 

In practical terms, living with six cats is really no problem as I have a huge garden (nearly one acre/3,880 square metres) and a forest next door, and whether I tear open one sachet of cat food or two or three or six is neither here nor there. I'd also posit that taking care of one dog in an urban setting requires far more effort than taking care of multiple cats out in the country. Letting them in and out means nothing more than leaning over and opening the kitchen window.

The five kittens are unusual in that they live together with their siblings and their mother, in their own company, in the same place where they were born. They know each other, they know me and they know my house from birth. Familiarity. So important to the soul.

Making eye contact with my cats daily, I am totally convinced that they are conscious beings, with agency and personhood, aware of their own existence. Maybe their brains don't have the cognitive power that human brains have, but their level of sentience match ours. The tuning of their senses is different to ours (greater acuity of hearing and smell, sight that's optimised for movement rather than granular detail, taste organs that can't detect sweetness, and a body that can withstand extremes of cold better than us). Nevertheless, I'd posit that the essential experience of what it feels like to be alive as a cat is not dissimilar to what it feels like to be alive as a human.

The kittens are turning into cats; six and half months old today. Each one has a completely different personality. Scrapper, a quick-witted tuxedo tom, button-bright. Czestuś, the orange tom; big, fat, lazy and cuddlesome. The two tabby tom twins; Arcturus – the engineer, who can use his paws almost as if they were hands, and Pacyfik, who has accompanied me on my back-extension exercises every single day for the past two months – our little ritual. And their sister, the glamorous Céleste, the most beautiful cat in the world, with her long, silky hair that's such a pleasure to stroke; an expert tree-climber and explorer.

My day has acquired a new rhythm. An earlier start, feeding the cats, letting them out, cleaning the litter trays. Keeping tabs on who's in and who's out. The cats also mean I can't leave them for too long on their own (longer excursions mean having to organise support for feeding). But then I'm not one for long holidays to exotic countries so no great loss.

Castration looms for the boys, but Céleste will be left intact. She's unlikely to fall pregnant as quickly as her mother, Wenusia, for two reasons. Firstly, cats with the long-hair gene mature a lot more slowly than normal house-cats. Secondly, she spends her time outside surrounded by her four brothers, so an external unneutered tomcat will not have uninhibited access to her when she does come into heat.

I do look forward to the joy of another brood of kittens; it was certainly the high-point of this year, seeing them enter into the world, a world that to them is safe and secure and yet interesting, lots of land around which they can range. When I see them scampering about in the garden, chasing each other up trees, I appreciate the ennui of life as an indoor cat. And when I see them in my warm kitchen, fast asleep, belly-up, after eating their fill of moist and dry cat foods, I appreciate the security that they have.

I am definitely a fan of Felis catus as a species. The symbiosis between H. sapiens and F. catus works very well for me. They have enriched my life greatly, bringing me deep and rich joy, and I am thankful to them all. I hope all goes as well for them next year as it has in 2025.

Incidentally, I kept a note of all my feline expenditures over the year, this includes vet fees (390zł for Wenusia's sterilisation and a course of deworming), cat equipment (food-bowls and beds) and the bulk of it all... cat food.Total 5,007.10 złotys (£1,032). Be interesting to see what it will be next year.

Finally, a thank-you to Jacek K. for suggesting Doris Lessing's On Cats, and to daughter Moni for buying it me for Christmas.

This time last year:
Local hellos and farewells for 2024

This time two years ago:
An Alternative Theology

This time three years ago:
From the Long Review of 2022, Pt IV

This time four years ago:
S2 tunnel under Ursynów opens

This time five years ago:
The first year of Covid-19

This time six years ago:
Last night in Ealing, twenty-teens
[A strangely prophetic post, suitably dream-like in quality]

This time seven years ago:
The Day the World Didn't End

This time ten years ago:
Hybrid driving - the verdict

This time 12 years ago:
Pitshanger Lane in the sun

This time 16 years ago:
Miserable, grey, wet London

This time 17 years ago:
Parrots in Ealing

This time 18 years ago:
Heathrow to Okęcie

Sunday, 28 December 2025

The Long Review of 2025: Pt II

Today I focus on geopolitics. Putin's Three-Day Special Military Operation to conquer Ukraine is approaching the end of its fourth year. Trump want nice shiny peace prize medal so his amateur (no experience necessary) 'diplomats' are trying to broker peace between a burglar and the owners of the home he's broken in to. "Look – the burglar's already got your utility room, so why not just sign over one of your bedrooms to him and quit fighting the guy?"

Putin can't stop the war. He doesn't want to stop the war. It is the war and the war alone that keeps him in power – and keeps him from being strung up from the nearest lamp-post. He saw what happened to Gaddafi when his people turned against him. And Ceausescu. And Saddam Hussein. And Samuel Doe. A similar end awaits Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin should he lose his grip on the nation. An end to the war means the return home of hundreds of thousands of veterans, brutalised by their experiences in the army. With no social safety net, these men will terrorise their neighbourhoods. The very chaos and anarchy that Putin's social contract with the Russian people pledged to end. At the same time, it is the war and the total war economy that keeps the billions flowing into the coffers of Putin and his remaining oligarch cronies. Those who protested that they were not getting enough, or who were most brazen in ripping off the army have fallen out of windows. The cake is smaller, sure, but there are fewer cake-eaters in Putin's circle. For them, and for Putin, the war must go on. He will pretend to humour the American 'negotiators'. But he will carry on regardless, sending thousands of Russians a week to their deaths in human meat-wave assaults, and continuing to fly guided missiles into Ukrainian homes, schools and hospitals.

This quote from the excellent Institute for the Study of War website about the situation in Ukraine: "Russian forces are unable to open a new front and cannot expand their recent limited attacks. Constraints on Russia’s available military manpower are a severe constraint on Russian operations and will likely remain so in the coming year. Russian forces are unlikely to change the pace and scale of their advances along the frontlines in 2026 if support for Ukraine continues at current levels. The grinding nature of Russian advances incurs high casualty rates, and Russian forces need incoming personnel to replenish losses in active sectors of the frontlines to maintain their slow rate of advance. Putin has continued to claim that Russian forces are advancing all along the line, which is untrue..."

Remember, Pokrovsk and Kupyansk were the targets for the Russian army's summer 2025 offensive. Neither town is in Russian hands. So what chances does Russia have to attack, for example, Poland? Putin's nuclear sabre-rattling is seen as a hollow threat, one that if anything signals his desperation. When things are looking bad on the battlefield, his minions will shriek: "We have nukes!"

Meanwhile, Trump is disengaging the US from Europe. Europe is belatedly stepping up to the challenge and increasing its defense spending. In the case of Poland this is resulting in a significantly larger budget deficit and public-sector debt, the only macroeconomic indicators to give any cause for concern. However, my worry is that not enough of that cash is going into Poland's home-grown defence industry, and too much is going to buy kit from the US and other countries. Poland should treat this as an opportunity to ramp up domestic manufacturing industry in much the same way as the US did in the 1940s and '50s. The spin-off for civilian manufacturing is clear.

Trump continues on his merry way. The jokes fall thick and fast. Mentally, the guy is utterly unfit for office. Will he be able to keep the Epstein stuff covered up? Will he implode? Will MAGA (and indeed all nativist/populist movements) implode under the weight of their internal contradictions? Is MAGA/Reform etc a broad church – or should "all migrants be deported now"? Somehow the show will go on, wokeism will become diluted, DEI initiatives will be pedalled back and, I hope, common sense will prevail. The photo (below) of Poland's foreign minister Radosław Sikorski and president Karol Nawrocki at the United Nations filled me with optimism. The two guys seem to be getting along... Good!


Will the war be over in 2026? I very much doubt it. Putin has mobilised a further 409,000 reservists and Russia being Russia there will be no change in doctrine (brutal stupidity/stupid brutality the default mode of thinking). 

China is the great geopolitical mystery. Run by one party which is run by one man, with publicly stated views that Taiwan should be incorporated by force if needs be into the Chinese nation. However, I believe that China's real goal is Outer Manchuria – the 900,000 square kilometres of land ceded to Russia in the Treaties of Aigun (1858) and Pekin (1860) along with China's access to the Sea of Japan. The longer the war in Ukraine goes on, the weaker Russia becomes, and the more leverage China will have when it comes to crossing the Amur River and helping itself to what used to be Chinese land. Full of natural resources and living space. The weaker Russia becomes, the cheaper it is forced to sell its oil and gas to China. Xi Jinping looks at the war and smiles. Europe is funding Ukraine to degrade Russia militarily. Nice strategy.

Trump and China? It seems (as of Q4 2025) that the tariff wars are not hurting the US economy, although the dollar is weak. When Trump entered the White House, a dollar cost 4.08zł, today it costs a mere 3.58zł. 


Is this a strong złoty? It's grown against the pound too (reducing the spending power of my UK state pension), from 5.15zł a year ago to 4.83zł today. The euro has held up better (from 4.27zł to 4.22zł). The UK media has been full of articles praising Poland's economy, but frankly, I'd love to see those articles balanced by ones praising the actual UK economy. In the third quarter of 2025, it grew by a mere 0.1% quarter on quarter, while Poland's economy grew by 0.9% – nine times faster. At this rate, Poland is indeed on course to overtake the UK in terms of GDP per capita at purchasing-power parity by 2030.

This time last year:
Radom

This time two years ago:
New bridge over the Czarna

This time three years ago:
The Long Review of 2022 - Pt. III

This time four years ago:
The Person Who Contemplates Not.

This time seven years ago:
2018 – a year in journeys

This time 13 years ago:
Wise words about motoring

This time 14 years ago:
Hurry up and wait with WizzAir at Luton